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This is a research index. For practical defaults, start with topic pages under Performance Science Lab.

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391 study page(s) for time-trial-performance.

pacing
2026
Evidence C
Action 2

Developing negative split pacing in endurance athlete… (PMID 41602121)

PMID 41602121 (2026): pacing, splits — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2026
Evidence C
Action 2

Pacing Strategy and Workload Distribution as Determin… (PMID 41489924)

PMID 41489924 (2026): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Blue plaque review series: A.V. Hill, athletic record… (PMID 39988844)

PMID 39988844 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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altitude
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Dietary timing enhances exercise by modulating fat-mu… (PMID 40088888)

PMID 40088888 (2025): dietary, timing — VO₂max, Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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tapering
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

The Diet Quality of Ultramarathon Runners Taking Part… (PMID 39940342)

PMID 39940342 (2025): taper — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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tapering
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Fatigue Resistance of Customized Implant-Supported Re… (PMID 40731630)

PMID 40731630 (2025): taper — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Pacing in ultra-marathon running: the Western States… (PMID 40087377)

PMID 40087377 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Pacing Strategy and Resulting Performance of Elite Tr… (PMID 39884270)

PMID 39884270 (2025): pacing, even pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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heat
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Mitochondrial adaptations from heat acclimation - A n… (PMID 41022024)

PMID 41022024 (2025): heat acclimation, heat stress — Performance in heat, Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

The physiology and psychology of negative splits: ins… (PMID 40740427)

PMID 40740427 (2025): pacing, splits — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Toward a record-eligible sub-2-hour marathon: an upda… (PMID 41351755)

PMID 41351755 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Women in the triathlon-the differences between female… (PMID 40546782)

PMID 40546782 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence B
Action 2

Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Neuromuscular… (PMID 40845293)

PMID 40845293 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Sex-specific differences in performance and pacing in… (PMID 40770400)

PMID 40770400 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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heat
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

Pre-cooling alters pacing profiles resulting in no ad… (PMID 40393849)

PMID 40393849 (2025): heat acclimation, heat stress — Performance in heat, Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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fueling
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

Strategic carbohydrate feeding improves performance i… (PMID 40614653)

PMID 40614653 (2025): carbohydrate, carb — Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Effects of caffeine and its metabolites, theobromine… (PMID 40850526)

PMID 40850526 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

Comparative Effects of Pacing Strategies on Endurance… (PMID 41313565)

PMID 41313565 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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tapering
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Polyphenol-Rich Snack Consumption during Endurance Ex… (PMID 40321836)

PMID 40321836 (2025): taper — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Effects of Acute Caffeine Intake on Endurance Perform… (PMID 41147687)

PMID 41147687 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

In-Exercise Caffeine Improves Exercise Performance in… (PMID 40550151)

PMID 40550151 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

Head, Face, and Neck Cooling for Performance: A Syste… (PMID 40355096)

PMID 40355096 (2025): head, face — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence B
Action 2

Ergogenic effects of supplement combinations on endur… (PMID 40619880)

PMID 40619880 (2025): caffeine, bicarbonate — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

Acute caffeine supplementation offsets the impairment… (PMID 39438312)

PMID 39438312 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence B
Action 2

Performance-enhancing effects of caffeine and L-Thean… (PMID 40977612)

PMID 40977612 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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heat
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

The effect of post-exercise heat exposure (passive he… (PMID 39762944)

PMID 39762944 (2025): heat acclimation, sauna — Performance in heat, Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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altitude
2025
Evidence C
Action 2

A Review of Carbohydrate Supplementation Approaches a… (PMID 40077786)

PMID 40077786 (2025): altitude — VO₂max, Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence B
Action 2

Single and combined effect of beetroot juice and caff… (PMID 40369047)

PMID 40369047 (2025): caffeine, beetroot — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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supplements
2025
Evidence B
Action 2

Effects of taurine combined with caffeine on repetiti… (PMID 39948152)

PMID 39948152 (2025): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

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pacing
2025
Evidence B
Action 1

Navigating the Maze of Deception in Endurance Sports:… (PMID 40454647)

PMID 40454647 (2025): pacing — Time-trial performance (study note for endurance athletes).

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