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Research guide

Injury risk research

Running injury risk is multifactorial. Consider previous injury, training exposure and recovery together; a load number alone cannot determine your risk.

Updated Oct 17, 2026

What to do first

  • • Increase volume gradually and avoid sudden intensity stacking.
  • • Add strength work for tendons and hips; keep it consistent.
  • • Treat pain that alters gait as a stop sign and get assessed.

Related topic guides

Protocols and decisions connected to this outcome.

Study library (reference)

Source papers linked to this outcome.

study

Effect of Strength Training Programs in Middle- and Long-Distance Runners' Economy at Different Running Speeds: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Human research · 2024 · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · PubMed 38165636

study

The Effect of Strength Training Methods on Middle-Distance and Long-Distance Runners' Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.

Human research · 2024 · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · PubMed 38627351

study

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Sprint Interval Training on Factors Related to Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Population not classified in the source record · 2026 · Journal of strength and conditioning research · PubMed 41740126

study

Does Hypoxic Training Improve Running Economy and Performance of Elite and Competitive Middle- and Long-Distance Runners? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Population not classified in the source record · 2026 · Journal of strength and conditioning research · PubMed 42302183

study

The effectiveness of neuromuscular warm-up strategies, that require no additional equipment, for preventing lower limb injuries during sports participation: a systematic review.

Human research · 2012 · BMC medicine · PubMed 22812375

study

The Effect of Strength Training on Endurance Performance Determinants in Middle- and Long-Distance Endurance Athletes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.

Human research · 2025 · Journal of strength and conditioning research · PubMed 40153564

study

Explosive Training and Heavy Weight Training are Effective for Improving Running Economy in Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Human research · 2017 · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · PubMed 27497600

study

The effect of strength training on performance in endurance athletes.

Human research · 2014 · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · PubMed 24532151

study

Effect of neuromuscular injury prevention strategies on injury rates in adolescent males playing sport: a systematic review protocol.

Human research · 2024 · JBI evidence synthesis · PubMed 37972948

study

Effects of Strength Training on Running Economy in Highly Trained Runners: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials.

Human research · 2016 · Journal of strength and conditioning research · PubMed 26694507

study

Contrast water therapy and exercise induced muscle damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human research · 2013 · PloS one · PubMed 23626806

study

The Role of Footwear, Foot Orthosis, and Training-Related Strategies in the Prevention of Bone Stress Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Population not classified in the source record · 2023 · International journal of exercise science · PubMed 37649463

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Sources