Performance Science Lab
Biomechanics lab
Biomechanics changes can help — but most athletes should start with strength, cadence, and pacing.
Start here
- • Small cues beat big form overhauls (which often increase injury risk).
- • If you change mechanics, change load too: adaptation takes time.
- • Treat drills as skill practice, not conditioning.
Study library (reference)
Individual studies for deeper reading.
Variability in Running Economy of Kenyan World-Class and European Amateur Male Runners with Advanced Footwear Running Technology: Experimental and Meta-analysis Results.
PMID 36862339 (2023): variability, running — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Biomechanical factors associated with running economy and performance of elite Kenyan distance runners: A systematic review.
PMID 29332730 (2018): biomechanical, factors — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
The effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness and midsole energy return on oxygen consumption and ankle mechanics and energetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PMID 40550392 (2025): running, shoe — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
A systematic review of the effect of running shoes on running economy, performance and biomechanics: analysis by brand and model.
PMID 35748066 (2023): ground reaction, foot strike — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Gait biomechanics evaluation of the treatment effects for hallux valgus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PMID 35247827 (2022): biomechanics — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Does stretching improve performance? A systematic and critical review of the literature.
PMID 15377965 (2004): does, stretching — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Carbon plates in running shoes biomechanics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PMID 42293993 (2026): biomechanics — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on performance and running economy in runners: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.
PMID 33459175 (2021): photobiomodulation, therapy — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Effects of hybrid custom foot orthoses on running economy, running mechanics and comfort: A double-blinded randomized crossover study.
PMID 39891963 (2025): hybrid, custom — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Running Economy Benefits of Advanced Footwear Technologies Remain over a Prolonged Run in Highly Trained Distance Runners-A Randomized Crossover Trial.
PMID 40762986 (2025): biomechanics — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Effect of Strength and Plyometric Training on Kinematics in Female Novice Runners.
PMID 38489659 (2024): stride, biomechanics — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
Six-week transition to minimalist shoes improves running economy and time-trial performance.
PMID 28483557 (2017): stride — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).
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Sources
- Variability in Running Economy of Kenyan World-Class and European Amateur Male Runners with Advanced Footwear Running Technology: Experimental and Meta-analysis Results.
- Biomechanical factors associated with running economy and performance of elite Kenyan distance runners: A systematic review.
- The effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness and midsole energy return on oxygen consumption and ankle mechanics and energetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- A systematic review of the effect of running shoes on running economy, performance and biomechanics: analysis by brand and model.
- Gait biomechanics evaluation of the treatment effects for hallux valgus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Does stretching improve performance? A systematic and critical review of the literature.
- Carbon plates in running shoes biomechanics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Effect of photobiomodulation therapy on performance and running economy in runners: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.