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The effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness and midsole energy return on oxygen consumption and ankle mechanics and energetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PMID 40550392 (2025): running, shoe — Running economy (study note for endurance athletes).

Last updated/Feb 23, 2026, 10:34 PM

Study note • PMID 40550392

The effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness and midsole energy return on oxygen consumption and ankle mechanics and energetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of sport and health science2025 • DOI 10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101069
Evidence B77/100
Action 1: Default

Low risk + high feasibility for most athletes.

ELI5

In plain language

We aimed to investigate the effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness (LBS) and midsole energy return on running economy and ankle mechanics and energetics. (systematic review / meta-analysis; n=878 runners).

In this systematic review / meta-analysis, the abstract is mixed or unclear for Running economy. Treat this as a signal, not a guarantee; confirm methods and context in the full paper.

Takeaways

What the abstract suggests

  • Study question: We aimed to investigate the effects of running shoe longitudinal bending stiffness (LBS) and midsole energy return on running economy and ankle mechanics and energetics.
  • In this systematic review / meta-analysis, the abstract is mixed or unclear for Running economy.
  • Population: n=878 runners.
  • Protocol cues: abstract may omit dose/timing; use the full paper to replicate accurately.

Protocol

Protocol (as reported)

  • Intervention/exposure: running, shoe.
  • Dose/time/duration: abstract doesn’t include enough detail; use the full paper’s methods section.
  • Outcomes: Running economy.
  • Replication note: abstracts often omit adherence and timing; confirm details before changing training or supplementation.

Fit

Who it helps, and who should skip it

Who it helps

  • Athletes similar to the study population (n=878 runners) working on biomechanics.
  • Athletes who can measure Running economy with a repeatable workout or time-trial effort.

Who should skip

  • If you have symptoms or conditions that make the intervention risky, get professional guidance.
  • If you’re near race day and can’t safely test, defer the experiment.

Methods

What the study actually did

  • Design: systematic review / meta-analysis.
  • Population: n=878 runners.
  • Outcomes measured: Running economy.
  • Source: PubMed PMID 40550392 (2025) — Journal of sport and health science.

Results excerpt

What the abstract reports

Of the 2453 studies screened, 48 were included (n = 878).

Note: excerpts are short; for full context, read the paper.

Limits

Limitations & bias

  • Abstract-only summaries can miss critical details (population, protocol, adherence, and context).
  • Reviews and consensus statements mix protocols and populations; recommendations may not match your exact constraints.
  • If your context differs (elite vs recreational; cycling vs running), adjust expectations and be conservative.
  • This is performance information, not medical advice.

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Sources