Study note • PMID 36918416
Effects of protein-carbohydrate vs. carbohydrate alone supplementation on immune inflammation markers in endurance athletes: a randomized controlled trial.
How to use this page
This note summarizes one study record. Check the participants, methods, results, and limitations before applying it to training.
- • Design signal: randomized trial.
- • Population relevance: athlete/trained context.
- • Consistency: single-study evidence.
- • Practical recommendation depends on tolerance, context, and whether it protects training consistency.
ELI5
In plain language
The impact of ingesting carbohydrates alone or combined with proteins to support exercise immune adaptation in endurance athletes is scarcely investigated. (randomized trial; n=12 well-trained athletes).
The abstract suggests a positive effect on Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation under the tested conditions. Treat this as a signal, not a guarantee; confirm methods and context in the full paper.
Takeaways
What the abstract suggests
- • Study question: The impact of ingesting carbohydrates alone or combined with proteins to support exercise immune adaptation in endurance athletes is scarcely investigated.
- • The abstract suggests a positive effect on Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation under the tested conditions.
- • Population: n=12 well-trained athletes.
- • Protocol cues (title/abstract): 10 week • 10 weeks.
Protocol
Protocol (as reported)
- • Intervention/exposure: carbohydrate, carb (vs comparison group).
- • Dose/time/duration cues in abstract/title: 10 week • 10 weeks.
- • Outcomes: Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation.
- • Replication note: abstracts often omit adherence and timing; confirm details before changing training or supplementation.
Fit
Who it may help, and who should be cautious
Who it helps
- • Athletes similar to the study population (n=12 well-trained athletes) working on fueling.
- • Athletes who can measure Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation with a repeatable workout or time-trial effort.
Who should be cautious
- • If you have symptoms or conditions that make the intervention risky, get professional guidance.
- • If you’re near race day and can’t safely test, defer the experiment.
Methods
What the study actually did
- • Design: randomized trial.
- • Population: n=12 well-trained athletes.
- • Comparator: comparison group.
- • Outcomes measured: Time to exhaustion, Time-trial performance, Fat oxidation.
- • Protocol cues mentioned: 10 week • 10 weeks.
- • Source: PubMed PMID 36918416 (2023) — European journal of applied physiology.
Results excerpt
What the abstract reports
“TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the following ID: NCT02954367.”
Note: excerpts are short; for full context, read the paper.
Limits
Limitations and bias
- • Abstract-only summaries can miss critical details (population, protocol, adherence, and context).
- • Single studies often don’t generalize to your event, history, and training load; treat results as a starting point.
- • If your context differs (elite vs recreational; cycling vs running), adjust expectations and be conservative.
- • This is performance information, not medical advice.
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Performance Science Lab
Research summaries for endurance athletes, with study context, practical protocols, and clear limitations.
Fueling performance research
Fueling is performance, not just health: the right carbs at the right time change outcomes.
Time to exhaustion research for endurance athletes
A lab outcome that can still guide training: it often tracks fatigue resistance.