Skip to content

Caffeine, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Endurance Performance in Athletes.

PMID 29509641 (2018): caffeine — Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion (study note for endurance athletes).

Last updated/Feb 23, 2026, 10:34 PM

Study note • PMID 29509641

Caffeine, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Endurance Performance in Athletes.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise2018 • DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001596
Evidence B73/100
Action 2: Consider

Worth trying if it fits your goal and context.

ELI5

In plain language

Many studies have examined the effect of caffeine on exercise performance, but findings have not always been consistent. (randomized trial; n=101 athletes).

Effects on Time-trial performance are mixed or unclear from the abstract alone. Treat this as a signal, not a guarantee; confirm methods and context in the full paper.

Takeaways

What the abstract suggests

  • Study question: Many studies have examined the effect of caffeine on exercise performance, but findings have not always been consistent.
  • Effects on Time-trial performance are mixed or unclear from the abstract alone.
  • Population: n=101 athletes.
  • Protocol cues (title/abstract): 4 mg • 2 mg • 0.1 min • 0.4 min • 0.5 min.

Protocol

Protocol (as reported)

  • Intervention/exposure: caffeine (vs placebo).
  • Dose/time/duration cues in abstract/title: 4 mg • 2 mg • 0.1 min • 0.4 min • 0.5 min.
  • Outcomes: Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion.
  • Replication note: abstracts often omit adherence and timing; confirm details before changing training or supplementation.

Fit

Who it helps, and who should skip it

Who it helps

  • Athletes similar to the study population (n=101 athletes) working on supplements.
  • Athletes who can measure Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion with a repeatable workout or time-trial effort.

Who should skip

  • If you have symptoms or conditions that make the intervention risky, get professional guidance.
  • If you’re near race day and can’t safely test, defer the experiment.

Methods

What the study actually did

  • Design: randomized trial (double-blind, placebo-controlled).
  • Population: n=101 athletes.
  • Comparator: placebo.
  • Outcomes measured: Time-trial performance, Time to exhaustion.
  • Protocol cues mentioned: 4 mg • 2 mg • 0.1 min • 0.4 min • 0.5 min.
  • Source: PubMed PMID 29509641 (2018) — Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

Results excerpt

What the abstract reports

Overall, 4 mg.kg caffeine decreased cycling time by 3% (mean +/- SEM) versus placebo (17.6 +/- 0.1 vs 18.1 +/- 0.1 min, P = 0.01).

Note: excerpts are short; for full context, read the paper.

Limits

Limitations & bias

  • Abstract-only summaries can miss critical details (population, protocol, adherence, and context).
  • Single studies often don’t generalize to your event, history, and training load; treat results as a starting point.
  • If your context differs (elite vs recreational; cycling vs running), adjust expectations and be conservative.
  • This is performance information, not medical advice.

Coaching beta

Get a plan that adapts to your life.

Join the 26weeks.ai TestFlight beta for adaptive coaching, recovery-aware adjustments, and race-week reminders.

Keep going

Sources