Study note • PMID 25471273
Impact of acute sodium citrate ingestion on endurance running performance in a warm environment.
How to use this page
This note summarizes one study record. Check the participants, methods, results, and limitations before applying it to training.
- • Design signal: randomized trial.
- • Population relevance: athlete/trained context.
- • Consistency: single-study evidence.
- • Practical recommendation depends on tolerance, context, and whether it protects training consistency.
ELI5
In plain language
Dietary supplements inducing alkalosis have been shown to be ergogenic during intense endurance exercise in temperate environments, but there is lack of data regarding the efficacy of these substances… (randomized trial; trained participants).
The abstract doesn’t indicate a clear change in Performance in heat under the tested conditions. Treat this as a signal, not a guarantee; confirm methods and context in the full paper.
Takeaways
What the abstract suggests
- • Study question: Dietary supplements inducing alkalosis have been shown to be ergogenic during intense endurance exercise in temperate environments, but there is lack of data regarding the efficacy of these substances…
- • The abstract doesn’t indicate a clear change in Performance in heat under the tested conditions.
- • Population: trained participants.
- • Protocol cues (title/abstract): 500 mg • 2.05 min • 2.38 min.
Protocol
Protocol (as reported)
- • Intervention/exposure: impact, acute (vs placebo).
- • Dose/time/duration cues in abstract/title: 500 mg • 2.05 min • 2.38 min.
- • Outcomes: Performance in heat.
- • Replication note: abstracts often omit adherence and timing; confirm details before changing training or supplementation.
Fit
Who it may help, and who should be cautious
Who it helps
- • Athletes similar to the study population (trained participants) working on heat.
- • Athletes who can measure Performance in heat with a repeatable workout or time-trial effort.
Who should be cautious
- • If you have symptoms or conditions that make the intervention risky, get professional guidance.
- • If you’re near race day and can’t safely test, defer the experiment.
Methods
What the study actually did
- • Design: randomized trial (double-blind, placebo-controlled).
- • Population: trained participants.
- • Comparator: placebo.
- • Outcomes measured: Performance in heat.
- • Protocol cues mentioned: 500 mg • 2.05 min • 2.38 min.
- • Source: PubMed PMID 25471273 (2015) — European journal of applied physiology.
Results excerpt
What the abstract reports
“Pre- and post-exercise blood HCO3 (-) concentration, base excess and pH were higher (P < 0.001) in CIT compared to PLC trial.”
Note: excerpts are short; for full context, read the paper.
Limits
Limitations and bias
- • Abstract-only summaries can miss critical details (population, protocol, adherence, and context).
- • Single studies often don’t generalize to your event, history, and training load; treat results as a starting point.
- • If your context differs (elite vs recreational; cycling vs running), adjust expectations and be conservative.
- • This is performance information, not medical advice.
Adaptive AI coach for iPhone
Meet your adaptive AI coach.
Tell your coach what you are training for. It builds the plan, follows the work you complete, and adapts upcoming training when recovery, your schedule, or real life changes.
Keep going
Performance Science Lab
Research summaries for endurance athletes, with study context, practical protocols, and clear limitations.
Heat performance research
Heat changes pacing, hydration, and fueling — and it can be trained like altitude with fewer logistics.
Performance in heat research for endurance athletes
Heat punishes ego pacing; you need acclimation and cooling strategy to execute.