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Head-to-head running race simulation alters pacing strategy, performance, and mood state.

Updated Oct 17, 2026

Human researchPhysiology & behavior2015Read the source on PubMed

From the closing abstract passage

“Additionally, the post running vigor was significantly higher in IND compared to COL (p = 0.03).These findings suggested that the presence of competitors induces…”

A short excerpt, not the complete finding. Read the linked abstract for the comparison, measurements and context.

Publication details
Record
PubMed 26013576
Indexed subjects
Exercise Test · Statistics, Nonparametric · Competitive Behavior · Affect · Oxygen Consumption
Source record checked
2026-10-18

Publication type and subject indexing describe the record; they are not a quality grade or proof of a benefit. An abstract does not replace a review of the full methods and results.

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Sources